The data center fight is hitting a fever pitch. Here's how they actually work
Summary
Data centers are large buildings filled with powerful computers that support internet use and AI development. They use a lot of electricity and water for cooling, which has caused public concern and protests in the U.S.Key Facts
- There are about 4,000 data centers in the U.S., with 3,000 more being built or planned.
- Data centers are essential for streaming videos, emails, online games, and AI functions.
- They consume a significant amount of electricity—globally about 1.5% in 2024, expected to rise to 3% by 2030.
- U.S. data centers could use up to 15.3% of the country’s electricity by 2030.
- They use about 17 billion gallons of water annually, mainly for cooling the servers.
- Some newer data centers reuse water with closed-loop systems to reduce water use.
- Public opposition to data centers is strong, with 70% of Americans opposing new ones.
- The debate includes concerns about environmental impacts like fossil fuel use and air pollution.
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