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Geneva talks put Rwanda-DRC peace deal to the test

Geneva talks put Rwanda-DRC peace deal to the test

Summary

Representatives from the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) and Rwanda will meet in Geneva on September 16 and 17 to discuss how to carry out the 2025 Washington Accords, a peace deal aiming to reduce conflict in eastern DRC. The talks will focus on security commitments, such as disarming armed groups and reducing military actions, while fighting continues in the region.

Key Facts

  • The meetings will be held by the Joint Security Coordination Mechanism (JSCM), including officials from the DRC, Rwanda, and mediators from the US, Qatar, Togo, and the African Union.
  • The Washington Accords were signed in June 2025 to promote peace and economic growth between the two countries.
  • The DRC is committed to neutralizing the Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Rwanda (FDLR), an armed group linked to the Rwandan genocide.
  • Rwanda must reduce its military defense actions as part of the peace agreement.
  • Fighting persists in eastern DRC, especially between the Congolese Armed Forces (FARDC) and the M23 armed group.
  • Rwanda accuses the DRC of supporting the FDLR, while the DRC accuses Rwanda of supporting M23, which Rwanda denies.
  • M23 captured important towns in 2025 but is not a formal party to the Washington Accords.
  • The peace process includes a US-backed dialogue led by Qatar between the DRC government and M23, which produced the Doha Framework for Peace in November 2025.
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