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Ethiopia, Eritrea break ties: Does the conflict risk becoming regional war?

Ethiopia, Eritrea break ties: Does the conflict risk becoming regional war?

Summary

Eritrea has cut diplomatic ties with Ethiopia, worsening tension between the two countries that have long disagreed over land and support for armed groups. Fighting is ongoing in northern Ethiopia between government forces and a rebel alliance, with concerns that the conflict could spread and affect neighboring countries like Sudan and Egypt.

Key Facts

  • Eritrea ended diplomatic relations after Ethiopia closed its embassy in Eritrea and expelled Eritrean diplomats.
  • Both Eritrea and Ethiopia accuse each other of supporting armed groups against their governments.
  • The conflict is mainly about Ethiopia’s desire for access to the Red Sea and control in northern regions.
  • Rebel forces led by the Tigray People’s Liberation Front are fighting Ethiopian federal troops in northern Ethiopia.
  • Ethiopia also accuses Egypt and Sudan of supporting the Tigrayan rebels, worsening relations with these countries.
  • Egypt and Ethiopia have expelled each other’s diplomats over the dispute.
  • Sudan’s military government accuses Ethiopia of backing rebels in Sudan’s own civil war; Ethiopia denies this.
  • The fighting is the worst in northern Ethiopia since the 2020-2022 civil war and risks causing wider regional instability.
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