What are Iran and Russia's mounting hybrid attacks on Europe?
Summary
The head of MI5, Sir Ken McCallum, described a rise in hybrid attacks in Europe, mainly from Russia and Iran. These attacks include arson and bombings targeting Jewish communities, military sites, and media outlets, often linked to Iran’s Quds Force and a group called HAYI.Key Facts
- Russia is identified as the biggest state threat to the UK, with Iran increasing its attacks on harder targets.
- Hybrid attacks combine different tactics like sabotage, arson, and bombings, targeting civilians, businesses, and communities.
- Over 50 arrests related to Iranian-linked attacks have occurred in the UK in the past year.
- The Iran-linked group HAYI has claimed responsibility for multiple attacks on synagogues, Jewish community centers, and military sites across Europe.
- Incidents include firebombing ambulances in London, explosions outside Jewish schools, and arson attacks in Belgium and the Netherlands.
- British authorities consider Iran’s Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps a terrorist group and link them directly to HAYI.
- A journalist working for a Persian-language news outlet in London was stabbed, and security officials suspect Iranian involvement.
- Some attacks also targeted U.S. and Israeli interests in Europe.
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