India pulled 500m people out of poverty. Many of them still barely survive
Summary
World Bank estimates that India lifted nearly 500 million people out of poverty from 2011 to 2023, reducing extreme poverty from 27.1% to 2.6%. Yet some families counted above the poverty line still struggle to afford food and basic needs as prices rise and debt grows.Key Facts
- India has not published an official consumption-based poverty estimate in more than a decade.
- The World Bank’s estimates use recent consumption surveys and its own poverty thresholds.
- The World Bank estimates India lifted nearly 500 million people out of poverty between 2011 and 2023.
- The estimated share of people in extreme poverty fell from 27.1% to 2.6% over that period.
- Hema Prajapat says her family spends about 11,000 rupees a month, above the roughly 7,380-rupee monthly poverty threshold cited for a household of three.
- Prajapat earns 5,000 rupees a month cleaning homes and washing dishes, while her family has accumulated debt.
- The World Bank cited increased female labor force participation as one factor behind India’s poverty reduction, while noting challenges in access to secure, adequately paid work.
- The article says India’s top 1% own 40% of the country’s wealth.
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